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This may just be the beginning of the exciting news from the TOI-715 system, as it is suspected that another, smaller planet may also be present. If this second planet is confirmed, be sure to be on the look out for its future appearance in SpaceEngine!
Figure caption: The new Climate tab of the in-game wiki. Values update in real-time as you change the latitude, longitude, and altitude on a planet, and as time progresses. As with the other wiki tabs, you can change the units to your preferred units in the General tab in the Settings Menu.
Figure caption: The temperature throughout a day across a random planet’s surface in the northern hemisphere, on its northern summer solstice. The longitude is relative to the point where the host star is directly overhead (the “subsolar point”), meaning longitude tells us what time of day it is (noon, when the host star is directly overhead, is at longitude=0 degrees, and midnight, when the host star is on the opposite side of the planet, is at 180 degrees). The temperatures for a few different latitudes are shown, and the temperature is lower closer to the pole than the equator. The time of local sunrises and sunsets are marked for each latitude curve. For this planet, the atmospheric properties result in a small offset between noon and the hottest temperature of the day.
Figure caption: The temperatures for the same planet, as shown in the figure above, at the same time. Now, they are plotted on a sphere.
Figure caption: The suite of vertical temperature profiles (pressure-temperature profiles) included in SpaceEngine. Surfaces of terrestrial solar system planets are marked with dots. When these profiles are selected for planets with higher surface pressures, or different surface temperatures, the profiles are scaled appropriately. Solar system profiles are from the NASA Planetary Spectrum Generator
Figure caption: The Climate Parameters section of the SpaceEngine Planet Editor (open the planet editor in-game with Shift+F2). The global wind speed parameter is in units of m/s, and the minimum and maximum surface temperatures are in Kelvin. All available vertical temperature profiles are shown in a drop-down list in the planet editor, and listed at the bottom of this blog post.
To start, you add objects of interest to the table in the left-bottom side of the tool. Addition is straightforward: you select an object with any method available in SE (left click, search by name, click in Solar system browser, etc), and press the “Add” button on the tool.
Of course, just because you can arrange objects a certain way in the list doesn’t mean you can find such an ordered alignment. For example, you will never find a “Callisto - Europa - Ganymede - Jupiter” ordered alignment because such an orbital configuration is physically impossible; in the case of the Jovian moons, you can’t even find the alignment “Ganymede - Europa - Io - Jupiter.” These three moons never align on one side of the gas giant due to the Laplace resonance
Another example of an ordered alignment in a procedural system:
Note that the tool has limitations: it may find multiple dates of the same event. This is because the tool is not “smart” (yet); it does simple time iterations with a constant step, so if the step is too small or if the angular precision is too large, it will detect the same event several times. And it does not detect the exact “center” of the event, you must do it yourself, if you want to. The opposite can also occur: the tool may miss some events if the time step is too large or the angular precision is too small. Future updates may improve this, but for now it is important to keep these limitations in mind.
A triple conjunction (better to say “triple alignment”) of Venus, Mars, and Jupiter:
Some transits are detected several times, due to the limitations described above. Note that Venus transits (and all other events in the Solar system) are accurate only in the validity range of the analytical orbit models used by all involved objects. By default, SE uses the DE436 model for the major planets and the Sun, which is valid only between the years 1550 and 2649.
Interestingly, you can find extreme cases, such as the transit of Venus over Jupiter. One such event happened in 1818. Note the difference in surface brightness between Venus and Jupiter (this screenshot was taken in auto exposure mode):
Such events are not that interesting, but you may search for more extreme cases. For example, the occultation of Neptune by Jupiter! One such event happened on January 3-4, 1613. At that time, Neptune was not discovered yet. Galileo Galilei observed Jupiter and its moons on December 28, 1612, and labeled Neptune as a star! Despite Galileo having observed Neptune, he is still not considered its discoverer because he never identified it as being a planet.
For multiple eclipses, Jupiter is a great example. Here is a famous triple eclipse (and double transit) on March 28, 2004:
You can also find eclipses of moons by planets (in the example below, Charon is being eclipsed by Pluto):
Moons can similarly be eclipsed by other moons (In this example, Rhea is being eclipsed by Titan):
You can also observe the eclipse of a distant planet by a hot jupiter in a red dwarf system (technically it is a transit, but it has a similar effect):
Or you can see mutual eclipses of stars in a binary system:
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