You will automatically get these achievements while playing through the story hence they are unmissable.

Welcome Aboard
Complete Chapter 1 on any difficulty setting





Lab Rat
Complete Chapter 2 on any difficulty setting





All Systems Go
Complete Chapter 3 on any difficulty setting





Cannon Fodder
Complete Chapter 4 on any difficulty setting





True Believer
Complete Chapter 5 on any difficulty setting





Greenhouse Effect
Complete Chapter 6 on any difficulty setting





S.O.S.
Complete Chapter 7 on any difficulty setting





Strange Transmissions
Complete Chapter 8 on any difficulty setting





Wreckage
Complete Chapter 9 on any difficulty setting





Keeper of the Faith
Complete Chapter 10 on any difficulty setting





Betrayed
Complete Chapter 11 on any difficulty setting





Exodus
Complete Chapter 12 on any difficulty setting





Brute Force
Kill a Brute





Exterminator
Kill the Leviathan





Get Off My Ship!
Kill the Leviathan Remnant





Mindless Prey
Kill the Hive Mind

Though all the achievements in the game can be done in two playthroughs, the first being on Impossible difficulty and the second being on New game+ on any difficulty, you can use Plasma cutter exclusively on any of the run for the One Gun achievement.
I would advise to do 3 playthroughs of the game though , what i did was :

• 1st playthrough on Hardcore difficulty enjoying the game.
  
• 2nd playthrough on Easy diffculty using New Game + and collecting all the upgrades, getting all the kill related achievements and getting the alternate ending.
  
• 3rd playthrough on Impossible difficulty , by this point you will become a pro at the game and won' need to rely on any exploit to beat the game on this difficulty.

Set A Benchmark
Complete the game on Medium difficulty or above






Trusted Contractor
Complete New Game Plus on any difficulty mode
You can finish all remaining grind achievements like upgrading all weapons, killing enemies with a specific weapon in your New Game + run. Moreover, the alternate ending of the game can only the unlocked by playing the game on New Game + run. Just put the game on Story difficulty and plough through the game.


Untouchable
Complete the game in Impossible Mode
Impossible has the same difficulty as hard mode, where you take more damage and the enemies take less, but with a twist. You only have one save file to use (save whenever you like but no multiple saves) and if you die, you have to start from the very beginning (or continue on hard mode but this voids your achievement run). It cannot be started on a New Game Plus. Needless to say, some may struggle with it.
It may sound daunting but trust me it isn't. Here are some of the tips i would like to give you :

• Save every time to come across save station. If you are low on health don't take unnecessary risk and restart from last checkpoint.
  
• If your RIG’s HP is yellow or red, get it back to green as soon as possible and do not risk it.
  
• Ignore all unnecessary tasks, including side missions.
  
• If you die , pause the game immediately, go to main menu and click on continue. You have a very brief window before the game saves your death, if it does you will need to start over again.
  respect health, restore health......*****************
  
  
  
  
  One Gun
  Beat the game using only the Plasma Cutter
  This achievement is for completing the entire campaign only using the Plasma Cutter. I did this on my New Game + run on story difficulty.
  - You can pick up other guns throughout your playthough, just be sure NOT to fire them. To be safe, don’t even equip them, return any other weapons and upgrades to the safe to avoid any mistakes and free up space.
  - Use of Stasis, Kinesis and Melee does not affect your playthrough.
  - Use your power nodes solely for Suit and Plasma Cutter upgrades only and make sure to collect all the plasma cutter upgrades.
  
  
  

These are missable achievements in the game for which you need to do certain tasks in the game or complete various side missions. I would like to mention , it would better to hold off the side missions until you unlock the full ship in chapter 10 because you need to visit some areas of the map which won't be unlocked till later in the game but beware you will need to complete a side mission in a single playthrough as their progression resets in New Game+ but the game tells you before the Point of No Return so there is not much to worry.

Full Arsenal
Own every weapon in the game
Just collect all the 9 weapons in the game.



https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C1KpxuLfWTc&pp=ygUXZGVhZCBzcGFjZSBmdWxsIGFyc2VuYWw%3D

Built To Order
Install every weapon upgrade
You'll need to buy the upgrades from the store and find the ones through the game and apply them on the weapons to unlock the achievement.


I used the following guide to find all the remaining upgrades I required in the New Game + mode :
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RpGAQ5yknUc

Maxed Out
Fully upgrade all weapons and equipment
This achievement is awarded for fully upgrading your suit and every weapon in the game. There are 189 Power Nodes required in total but there are only 67 to find in a single playthrough, therefore, you will need to complete the game at least twice, I got my achievement in New Game + run.


Merchant
Collect all Schematics




https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nsR8GBWZIQc&pp=ygUaZGVhZCBzcGFjZSBtZXJjaGFudCB0cm9waHk%3D

Pack Rat
Place 25 items in Storage
There must be 25 items in storage at the same time to earn the trophy. I did this on my New Game + run.




Story Teller
Collect 75 Logs
There are a total of 188 logs throughout the game. These are RIG communications, and audio and visual recordings that give additional depth and insight to the storyline. You can unlock this and Legend Teller achievement easy in your first run if you are exploring thoroughly and doing the side missions.



Legend Teller
Collect 150 Logs




Front Toward Enemy
Survive the Shooting Gallery
The Shooting Range is located on the USM Valor during Chapter 9: Dead on Arrival.






Z-Baller
Complete Level 6 in Zero-G Basketball
Zero-G Basketball, or ‘Z-Ball’, is located at the start of Chapter 10: End of Days. As you enter the crew Common Room, your RIG will direct you into the Zero-G Gym, then into the Locker Room and Showers and then into the next room. You need to complete Round 6 to unlock the achievement, it's fairly easy if you ask me.



Wishbone
Rip off a dangling limb using Kinesis
In Chapter 2, immediately after your first Zero Gravity section you'll land and end up in a store room of sorts, look to the right and you'll see some suits just hanging there. Simply grab the suit leg with your Kinesis and "throw" (fire) the leg and the achievement will unlock.





There's Always Peng!
Find the Peng Treasure
Near the start of Chapter 11 when you first enter the Cargo Bay, take the elevator down and turn around to your left. Then, clear the boxes and open the locker for the Peng treasure which can be sold for 30,000 credits at the store.



Full Clearance
Create the Master Security Override
After entering the Captain's Nest in Chapter 4, interact with the console on the right to start the You Are Not Authorized. Once you have collected all 7 rigs, return to the Captain's Nest and gain access to locks that require the Master Security clearance. Rigs may be collected before starting the questline and can be tracked as they become available throughout the story.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t3CjnHEUO3k&pp=ygUZZGVhZCBzcGFjZSBmdWxsIGNsZWFyYW5jZQ%3D%3D

Final Regeneration
Discover the Hunter's origins
Immediately after freezing the hunter at the end of Chapter 5 you can start the quest and track it to know where to go next.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T9bp2E2qRiU&pp=ygUeZGVhZCBzcGFjZSBmaW5hbCByZWdlbmVyYXRpb24g

Whole Again
Pursue Nicole's investigation
This achievement is awarded for completing the “Scientific Methods” side mission. It is the first side mission of the game that becomes available during Chapter 2, the rest of the tasks of the mission becomes available as you progress throughout the story.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z8BQiGQfROw&pp=ygUXZGVhZCBzcGFjZSB3aG9sZSBhZ2FpbiA%3D

Marked
Pick up a Marker fragment for the first time
In total there are 12 Marker collectibles to find. They can only be gotten in New Game Plus, on any difficulty.





Reunion
See the alternative ending on any difficulty mode
There are 12 Marker Fragments you need to find throughout the game in New Game +, after collecting them place them in the Captains Quarters to activate the ending and then complete the game.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I7gcjJIU-Xo&pp=ygUSZGVhZCBzcGFjZSByZXVuaW9u

The best place to do the kill related achievements is in Chapter 12 where you are escorting the marker. You will come to a room where 2 Guardians are blocking your path forward and they will sprout out Pods from their belly. You will find a Store in the left side of the room as shown in the pic below, go to store, equip the weapon you want to grind the kills for and kill the pods and the Guardians will keep sprouting more, with 2 Guardian present you can do the achievement twice as fast as they will keep throwing the Pods until you kill the Guardians. Here you can also complete the Backbreaker achievement as well.





A Cut Above
Kill 30 enemies with the Ripper






Live with the Hot Ones
Kill 30 enemies with the Flamethrower






Autofire
Kill 30 enemies with the Pulse Rifle






Pusher
Kill 30 enemies with the Force Gun






Eviscerator
Kill 30 enemies with the Line Gun






Full Contact
Kill 30 enemies with the Contact Beam






Marksman
Dismember 50 Limbs
Just shoot or cut the limbs off enemies. You will unlock this and Surgeon by the end of the game without even trying.





Surgeon
Dismember 500 Limbs






Raise The Stakes
Pin an enemy






Freeze
Use Stasis on 50 enemies
Self-explanatory, use stasis on enemies to freeze them.






Backbreaker
Kill 10 enemies with a stomp attack
Best way to complete the achievement is to stomp the Pods sprouted by the Guardians (the wall monster)