The Finnish Communist Party (abbreviation SKP) was a Finnish Communist Party. SKP was banned in Finland until 1944 and hundreds of its members spent years in prisons. After the wars, the party grew into an influential organization of tens of thousands of members, participating in many governments, among others. SKP's political activities were discontinued in the early 1990s with the founding of the Left Alliance, and in 1992 the association was filed for bankruptcy.an "Marxist-Leninist scientific socialism" as its guiding principle. According to the program, the transition to socialism could be carried out "only under the leadership of the working class and its organizations, which is why the transitional state is a labor force, a dictatorship of the proletariat, replaced by a capitalist minority dictatorship."

SKP was founded on August 29, 1918 in Moscow. The founders were mainly Reds who had fled to Russia after the Finnish Civil War and members of the People's Delegation of their political regime, many of whom had previously held leadership positions in the SDP. SKP had been banned in Finland since its inception and many of its leaders resided largely in the Soviet Union. However, SKP built an underground network in Finland in the early 1920s, and the party had an influence on many public organizations, such as the Finnish Socialist Workers' Party.

Communist-controlled public organizations were abolished by a parliamentary decision in 1930. MPs from the Labor and Small Farmers' Parliamentary Group, as well as many other communist suspects, were arrested and hundreds of organizations were abolished. Measures prevented communist public politics and the impact of GDP on the labor movement diminished. In the Soviet Union, the party's ability to function was severely weakened in the late 1930s, when most leaders and active members were killed in Stalin's persecution. During the Winter and Continuation Wars, communist suspects were imprisoned in prisons and camps. During the Continuation War, the Communists organized a resistance movement that remained insignificant.

The Communists were released from prisons after the Continuation War, and the SKP began its public activities in October 1944. In a couple of years, the party grew into a mass party of tens of thousands of people. [23] SKP participated in the elections on the lists of the co-operation party, the Finnish People's Democratic Union. The SKDL participated in several governments in the 1940s, 1960s, 1970s and 1980s and was one of the largest parties in parliament. The SKP played a dominant role in the SKDL, although many socialists were also involved in the party.

The management of SKP was reformed at the 1966 Assembly. Chairman Aarne Saarinen sought to modernize the party. In 1990, it was decided to merge SKP's political activities with SKDL into the new Left Alliance. The party's governing bodies met until the 1992 bankruptcy.

At the end of the 1960s, the party opposition formed a party opposition to the majority line, which in the 1970s became known as militants. The opposition was expelled from the party during 1985–1987 and its supporters founded the Finnish Communist Party (unity). The Supreme Court declared the dismissals illegal in 1992. In 1996, the district organizations operating in the SKPy were granted the right to convene an extraordinary assembly. The assembly changed the association into an NGO Star and the name was transferred to the former sports club. The star was removed from the association register.

In Russia, the basic organization of the SKP was initially formed by communist clubs. Some of the clubs were established on the basis of Finnish-speaking workers' associations that had been operating for a long time. Clubs also operated in the Finnish troops of the Red Army. The clubs belonged to both the Finnish and Russian Communist Parties at the same time. The relationship between the parties was not precisely defined, but in practice SKP coexisted with other VKP regional and national organizations. The VKP defined the general line, but the SKP made independent decisions among Finns. The SKP agitated citizens to the side of the Soviet government, organized soldiers into the Red Army and took care of the affairs of Finnish refugees. In February 1919, there were 23 clubs. In the autumn of 1919, most of the clubs had a Russian-Finnish majority. In December 1919, VKP's party meeting decided to form the central office of VKP's Finnish organizations, to which all SKP clubs operating in Russia and most of the party's former activities were transferred. The decision was in line with the proposal made by SKP in October, but at the same time part of the reorganization of VKP's national organizations. The central office in St. Petersburg was abolished at the end of 1922.

In May 1921, the party was estimated to have about 500 members, of whom only 100 resided in Russia. Much of this crowd was employed by the Central Committee, which was based in Russia.

SKP's Foreign Office, which operated in the Soviet Union, was above the Politburo in Finland in the party hierarchy. Those in the Soviet Union had the last word, for example, in personnel choices.

The SKP approved party programs at the 1957, 1969, and 1987 assemblies. Prior to 1957, the party's principled policies were set out in individual documents. Between 1920 and 1943, SKP was committed to the Comintern programs in accordance with the rules of the Communist International.

The first guidelines of the SKP were set out at the founding meeting. The new party strongly criticized the SDP's practices, which were considered to have led to the defeat of the revolution in Finland, and took their influence from the Bolsheviks, whose tactics had succeeded in Russia. The GDP downplayed parliamentarism and emphasized radical revolutionary activity. The founders accepted the theses presented by Jukka Rahja, which called for 1. preparation for a new armed revolution, 2. sharp condemnation of erroneous views in the labor movement, 3. an iron dictatorship of the labor force, 4. forced expropriation of all land and capitalist property to Russia and The experiences of 1917–1918 were central to the formulation of the principles, but according to Tauno Saarela, it was also partly a question of a return to the procedures followed in the SDP in 1905–1906.

The 1947 rules defined the party's purpose as “to unite the working class and working peasantry of our country and the conscious and part of the The 1954 wording was intended to organize and lead these social groups “in the struggle to democratize the state, economic and cultural conditions of our people, defeat capitalism and create the first phase of communism, a socialist society in which exploiters and other human exploitation are destroyed. from which development leads to the second phase of communism, perfect communism itself. " The action was said to be based on “the teachings of Marx, Engels, Lenin, and Stalin.”

SKP's first actual party program was approved by the 1957 Assembly. In the introduction to the program, the need for the document was justified by the fact that the previous program declarations of the labor movement from 1903 (SDP), 1918 (SKP) and 1920 (SSTP) no longer met modern requirements. The program defined SKP as a working-class party that “brings together workers, smallholder farmers, intellectual workers, and all other workers who adopt a working-class perspective”. The party was said to have “Marxist-Leninist scientific socialism as its guiding principle”. According to the program, the transition to socialism could be carried out "only under the leadership of the working class and its organizations, for which reason is the transition state a labor force, a dictatorship of the proletariat, replaced by a capitalist minority dictatorship."

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