Armored walls have a weak face(often called the inside wall) which has rusty beams, while the strong side has around 40 rivet bolts. The sides of the armored wall are as strong as the front. If you hit the weak face too near the edges then damage is counted as if you were hitting the strong side. Stability doesn't seem to have a bearing on damage inflicted.

• 10x Tools
  
• 10x Melee weapons
  
• 2x Bullets
  
• 2x Slugs
  
• 1x Explosives
  
• 1x Explosive Bullets

• Timed Explosive Charge: 275dmg (8 charges)
  
• Rocket Launcher(Rocket): 137dmg (*) (15 rockets)
  
• Satchel Charge: 58dmg (35 charges)
  
• Rocket Launcher(High Velocity Rocket): 31dmg (*) (65 rockets)
  
• Landmine: 18dmg (*)(~) (112 mines)
  
• 40mm HE Grenade: 17dmg (*) (118 grenades)
  
• Beancan Grenade(right click): 12dmg (!) (167 grenades)
  
• Beancan Grenade(left click): 10dmg (*)(!) (200 grenades)
  
• Survey Charge: 5.5dmg (*) (364 charges)
  
• F1 Grenade(left click): 1dmg (*) (2,000 grenades)
  
• F1 Grenade(right click): 1dmg (2,000 grenades)
  
• Rocket Launcher(Incendiary Rocket): 0dmg (#)

* Inflicts splash damage.
! Can explode a moment after placing/throwing them.
~ Tool cupboards can block placement.
# Causes a horrific amount of fire that spreads, although armored walls are immune to fire damage.

Explosive notes:
F1 grenades are better suited for anti-personnel use rather than demolition.

• Longsword: 0.07dmg (3,175 swords) 9 hits per weapon
  
• Stone Spear: 0.05dmg (4,000 spears) 10 hits per weapon
  
• Salvaged Cleaver: 0.05dmg (3,077 cleavers) 13 hits per weapon
  
• Wooden Spear: 0.05dmg (2,106 spears) 19 hits per weapon
  
• Mace: 0.05dmg (3,077 maces) 13 hits per weapon
  
• Salvaged Sword: 0.047dmg (1,640 swords) 26 hits per weapon
  
• Machete: 0.033dmg (4,663 machetes) 13 hits per weapon
  
• Bone Knife: 0.02 dmg (4,000 knives) 25 hits per weapon
  
• Bone Club: 0.011dmg (7,906 clubs) 23 hits per weapon

• Salvaged Icepick: 0.06dmg (556 pickaxes) 60 hits per tool
  
• Pickaxe: 0.04dmg (878 pickaxes) 57 hits per tool
  
• Salvaged Axe: 0.033dmg (1,011 axes) 60 hits per tool
  
• Jackhammer: 0.027dmg (1,000 jackhammers) 74 hits per tool
  
• Stone Pickaxe: 0.025dmg (3,637 pickaxes) 22 hits per tool
  
• Salvaged Hammer: 0.025dmg (1,143 hammers) 70 hits per tool
  
• Hatchet: 0.025dmg (1,213 hatchets) 66 hits per tool
  
• Stone Hatchet: 0.014dmg (5,495 hatchet) 26 hits per tool
  
• Rock: 0.009dmg (6,945 rocks) 32 hits per tool
  
• Torch: 0.004dmg (22,728 torches) 22 hits per tool
  
• Torch(lit): 0.004dmg (83,334 torches) 6 hits per tool

• Waterpipe Shotgun: 0.0?dmg
  
• Eoka Pistol: 0.0?dmg
  
• Double Barrel Shotgun: 0.0?dmg
  
• Pump Action Shotgun: 0.0?dmg
  
• Spas-12: 0.0dmg

Notes:
Handmade shells inflict negligible damage to armored walls.

• Waterpipe Shotgun: 0.0?dmg
  
• Eoka Pistol: 0.0?dmg
  
• Double Barrel Shotgun: 0.0?dmg
  
• Pump Action Shotgun: 0.0?dmg
  
• Spas-12: 0dmg

Notes:
Buckshot shells inflict negligible damage to armored walls.

• Waterpipe Shotgun: 0.125dmg (16,000 slugs)
  
• Eoka Pistol: 0.125dmg (16,000 slugs)
  
• Double Barrel Shotgun: 0.125dmg (16,000 slugs)
  
• Pump Action Shotgun: 0.125dmg (16,000 slugs)
  
• Spas-12: 0dmg

• Double Barrel Shotgun: 0dmg
  
• Eoka Pistol: 0dmg
  
• Pump Action Shotgun: 0dmg
  
• Spas-12: 0dmg
  
• Waterpipe Shotgun: 0dmg

• Bolt Action Rifle: 0.0039dmg (512,821 rounds)
  
• M249: 0.0032dmg (625,000 rounds)
  
• Assault Rifle: 0.0025dmg (800,000 rounds)
  
• LR-300: 0.002dmg (1,000,000 rounds)
  
• Semi-Automatic Rifle: 0.002dmg (1,000,000 rounds)

Notes:
Bullets deal slightly less damage at longer ranges.

• Bolt Action Rifle: 2.5dmg (800 rounds)
  
• LR-300 Assault Rifle: 2.5dmg (800 rounds)
  
• M249: 2.5dmg (800 rounds)
  
• Semi-Automatic Rifle: 2.5dmg (800 rounds)
  
• Assault Rifle: 2.4dmg (834 rounds)

Notes:
Explosive rounds inflict the same damage to the weak side as the strong side of walls, and can start fires, but the fire inflicts no damage to armored walls.

• M249: 0.005dmg (400,000 rounds)
  
• Assault Rifle: 0.00?dmg
  
• Bolt Action Rifle: 0.00?dmg
  
• LR-300 Assault Rifle: 0.00?dmg
  
• Semi-Automatic Rifle: 0.00?dmg

Notes:
Incendiary rifle ammunition can start fires, but the shots inflict negligible damage to armored walls, and the fire inflicts no damage to armored walls.

• Python Revolver: ~0.0017dmg
  
• MP5: 0.0017dmg (1,176,471 rounds)
  
• Thompson: ~0.0017dmg
  
• Semi-Automatic Pistol: ~0.0017dmg
  
• Custom SMG: ~0.0017dmg
  
• Revolver: ~0.0017dmg
  
• M92: ~0.0017dmg

Notes:
I only bothered testing the MP5.

• Python Revolver: 0.0?dmg
  
• MP5: 0.0?dmg
  
• Thompson: 0.0?dmg
  
• Semi-Automatic Pistol: 0.0?dmg
  
• Custom SMG: 0.0?dmg
  
• Revolver: 0.0?dmg
  
• M92: 0.0?dmg

Notes:
Incendiary pistol bullets can start fires, but the shots inflict negligible damage to armored walls, and the fire inflicts no damage to armored walls.

• Nailgun(Nailgun Nails): 0dmg
  
• Crossbow(Fire Arrow): 0dmg
  
• Bow(Fire Arrow): 0dmg
  
• Crossbow(High Velocity Arrow): 0dmg
  
• Bow(High Velocity Arrow): 0dmg
  
• Crossbow(Wooden Arrow): 0dmg
  
• Bow(Wooden Arrow): 0dmg
  
• Crossbow(Bone Arrow): 0dmg
  
• Bow(Bone Arrow): 0dmg

• Flamethrower: 0dmg
  
• Chainsaw: 0dmg

Notes:
As low as 13 fuel can start a fire, but fire has no effect on armored walls.

The armored foundation has strong vertical faces, and a weak flat face. It's otherwise the same as the armored wall.

The armored doorway is essentially the same as the armored wall.

The armored window building part is essentially the same as the armored wall.

The armored floor has a strong face on the walking side, and a weak face on the side you'd bump your head on. It's otherwise the same as the armored wall.

With Rust being consistently updated I haven't had the time to keep up. Some of the information may be out of date, and misses newer weapons.