In the Bible, time is described from the perspective of the entire universe. The Orthodox Jewish physicist Gerald Schroeder's interpretation suggests that this refers to the moment of "quark confinement," when stable matter emerged from energy in the early stages of the Big Bang, namely during the first second. According to Schroeder's calculations, a span of six days as described in the Genesis creation narrative during the epoch of quark confinement, when the universe was around a trillion times smaller and hotter than its current state, is equivalent to fifteen billion years in terms of Earth time today. This is all due to space expansion after quark confinement. This phenomenon can be attributed to the expansion of space following the confinement of quarks, which leads to the reconciliation of Genesis and modern physics. The Earth and solar system are estimated to be "4.5 to 5 billion years" old by Schroeder in Genesis and the Big Bang, a previous book. In The Science of God, a later book, Schroeder asserts that the Sun is 4.6 billion years old. Whether read literally or allegorically, Genesis is considered canonical text in Judaism and most Christian sects, and its interpretation is typically seen as having spiritual value by believers.

Thanks to high energy particle colliders, we have been able to see how matter behaves at these extraordinary densities less than a second after the Big Bang, when the universe was nothing more than the Logos, who willed it into being. Quarks originally produced when the cosmos was a trillionth of its current size. Protons and neutrons are built from quarks, the building blocks of matter. Time traveled at a rate of one trillion times slower than it does now. Let the universe have an age of 13.82 billion years. This is the way current cosmologists are thinking. Divide by the shift in redshift (the amount that the universe's expansion has stretched the frequency of light since its birth) since quark production (by a factor of 1 trillion). It gives you 0.01382 years. To account for the universe's expansion's recently revealed acceleration, add 10%. It results in 0.015202 years. Multiply by the annual rate of 365.25 days to convert to days. You're allotted 5.55 days. Round, and six days are awarded! Or, as Schroeder notes, the interval between the creation of Adam and quark confinement, most likely about midday on the sixth day.

Bayesian statistical models provide a unique perspective on the probability of the stochastic theory of abiogenesis, the emergence of life from non-living matter, on Earth. These models take into account various factors and prior assumptions to estimate the likelihood of such a complex event occurring. One key factor that influences these estimates is the probability of the abiotic formation of functional proteins, which are essential for life as we know it. Recent research has suggested that the probability of abiotic formation of functional proteins is incredibly low, with estimates ranging from 10^-10 to 10^-16. This means that the spontaneous generation of these critical components of life is highly unlikely under natural conditions. Additionally, the idea of irreducible complexity implies the existence of a designer since it implies that some biological systems would not be able to operate in the absence of any of its components. As molecular biology has advanced, our understanding of the complexity and precision required for life to arise naturally has only grown, making the theory of a naturalistic beginning of life less and less plausible.

Furthermore, the intricate fine-tuning of the universe to allow for the existence of life is a concept that has intrigued scientists and philosophers alike for centuries. This fine-tuning involves the fundamental constants of nature falling within incredibly narrow intervals, without which life as we know it would not be possible. Bayesian statistical analyses have shed light on the probability of such precise tuning occurring by mere chance. The smaller the intervals within which these constants must fall in order to support life, the lower the probability of this fine-tuning happening randomly. This leads to the conclusion that the likelihood of life existing without this fine-tuning is exceedingly low, given the specific and exact conditions required for life to thrive.

According to the anthropic principle, the fundamental laws and conditions of the universe appear to be finely tuned in a way that allows for the existence and sustenance of life. This suggests a deliberate guiding force or intelligent design. Naturalism, which posits that everything can be explained solely through nonrational causes, finds difficult to account for this. The fact that our universe possesses these highly specific conditions becomes even more significant when considering the existence of God. In this context, the assumption of God's existence becomes integral in making sense of such miraculous circumstances.

In addition, in his book Justifying Historical Descriptions, historian C. B. McCullagh presents six criteria that historians use to determine the most accurate account for certain historical occurrences. The hypothesis “God raised Jesus from the dead” passes all these tests:

1. It has great explanatory scope: it elucidates the reasons behind the discovery of the vacant tomb, the sightings of Jesus after his death by the disciples, and the emergence of the Christian faith; we have good historical reasons to believe these.

2. It has great explanatory power: it elucidates the reasons behind the disappearance of Jesus' physical body, the recurring sightings of Jesus despite his prior public execution, and other related phenomena.

3. It is plausible: in light of the historical background of Jesus' own extraordinary life and teachings, the resurrection functions as divine validation of those audacious assertions.

4. It is not ad hoc or contrived: it just necessitates the existence of God as an extra hypothesis. Furthermore, if someone already thinks that God exists, then that need not be a further hypothesis.

5. It is in accord with accepted beliefs. The widely held view that individuals do not normally rise from the dead is not at all at odds with the theory that "God raised Jesus from the dead." The concept that God resurrected Jesus from the dead is one that Christians embrace unreservedly.

6. It far outstrips any of its rival hypotheses in meeting conditions 1-5. Alternative explanations for the facts have been put out throughout history. Some of them include conspiracy theories, theories about seeming deaths, theories about hallucinations, and so on. Modern academia has nearly generally rejected these theories. All of these naturalistic theories fall short of the resurrection hypothesis in terms of satisfying the requirements.

Checkmate, atheists!

I got this from Fanatical, out of some mystery bundle and its been a few years in my library and I still feel like I was ripped-off.